Journal of Sociology, Psychology and Religious

The Effects of Retirement on AIC Missionaries in North Rift Regional Church Council

2024-06-16T08:37:21+00:00

The purpose of this study was to explore the impact of retirement on missionaries within the North Rift church area council. The voices of retired missionaries are utilized to increase awareness of the needs of missionary retirees, enable the church to reevaluate its role with regard to retired missionaries, and to help with the support of missionary retirees. Qualitative research was essential to the study as it enabled an in-depth understanding of the experiences of missionary retirees including their expectations, views about the ministry after missionary work, and areas where they felt improvements could be made. It was determined that retired missionaries in the North Rift region still held the conventional view of dependency without prior planning for retirement and these affected their psychological, physical, and spiritual needs after they had retired. It was recommended that the church and mission agencies should be equipped to provide for missionary retirees in their different areas of need, raise awareness about the needs of this population, and analyze the potential of integrated retirement activities with the home church.

The Prevalence of Complicated Grief Among Children Who Have Lost Loved Ones in Selected Public Primary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya

2024-06-29T07:07:12+00:00

The inability of children to comprehend and process death due to factors like chronological age, attachment of the child to the deceased, nature of death, and family support, might lead to delayed or prolonged grief and consequently complicated grief (CG). Complicated grief in a child’s life can affect his/her social and cognitive functioning manifesting in antisocial behaviours. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of complicated grief among children who had lost loved ones in selected public primary schools in Nairobi County. This study was guided by Piaget’s Cognitive Development Theory. Multistage sampling, purposive sampling, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were used to select 259 pupils aged 10-13 years who had lost a loved one in the last year. Purposive sampling was also used to select 22 class teachers of the bereaved pupils who participated in the study. The study employed a convergent mixed-method design. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires (SDQ, ICG, and STAB) and interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS Version 25.0. The findings indicated that the prevalence of complicated grief was 26.1%. The study concluded that complicated grief was prevalent among children who had lost a loved one. Therefore, the study recommends that the Ministry of Education introduce a school-based counseling program incorporating grief intervention techniques in public primary schools. During grief, a child’s world changes unexpectedly from conversant, predictable, and safe, to chaotic and dreadful. Parents and caregivers are also implored to brace up and talk about death to children, and involve them during funeral preparations.

Antisocial Behaviours that are More Prevalent Among Children with Complicated Grief in Selected Public Primary Schools in Nairobi County, Kenya

2024-06-29T07:18:09+00:00

The inability of children to comprehend and process death due to factors like chronological age, attachment of the child to the deceased, nature of death, and family support, might lead to delayed or prolonged grief processes resulting in complicated grief (CG). Complicated grief in a child’s life can affect his/her social and cognitive functioning manifesting in antisocial behaviours. This study aimed to find out antisocial behaviours that are more prevalent among children with complicated grief in selected public primary schools in Nairobi County, Kenya. This study was guided by Attachment Theory. Multistage sampling, purposive sampling, inclusion, and exclusion criteria were used to select 259 pupils aged 10-13 years who had lost a loved one in the last year. Purposive sampling was also used to select 22 class teachers of the bereaved pupils who participated in the study. The study employed a convergent mixed-method design. Data was collected through self-administered questionnaires (SDQ, ICG, and STAB) and interviews. Quantitative data was analyzed through descriptive and inferential statistics using SPSS Version 25.0. The findings indicated that the most prevalent antisocial behaviour was social aggression with an aggregated mean of 3.01. The findings indicated that antisocial behaviours were common among children with CG as well as those without. The most prevalent antisocial behaviour among children who had lost a loved one was social aggression. The study recommends that the Ministry of Education should introduce a school-based counseling program incorporating grief intervention techniques and recommend trained counselors who do not double up as teachers to be school counselors to negate dual relationships. Public Primary schools are encouraged to develop several training programs to help teachers understand how to intervene and foster resiliency in their students who have experienced grief.

Contradiction in Kant’s Hierarchical Racism and Egalitarian Humanism

2024-09-05T19:02:34+00:00

Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), a prominent and influential German Enlightenment philosopher, believes that white people are superior to non-white people. He divides mankind into four groups: "white" (Europeans), "yellow" (Asians), "black" (Africans), and "red" (American Indians). Kant claims that other races, except the white race, are unable to acquire moral maturity due to a lack of talent (a gift of nature). He argues that whites themselves have all the motivation and talents, while blacks can receive education, but only as slaves. Native Americans cannot receive an education, they don't care about anything, they are lazy. This contradicts his egalitarian humanism. He proposes the belief in universal democracy and categorical moral imperative, where he argues that everyone should be seen and treated as “ends”, not as means to an end. One should also act as one would want all other people to act towards him or her, and according to the maxim one would wish the action to be a universal law. This paper adopts the laws of thought, that is, the principle of identity, the principle of non-contradiction, and the principle of excluded middle to interrogate and evaluate the consistent tenability of Kantian hierarchical racism on one side and egalitarian humanism, espoused in categorical imperative, on the other side. The conclusion is that there is a contradiction.