Determinants of Adherence to Dietary Prescriptions Among Chronic Kidney Disease Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis in Francistown, Botswana
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.70619/vol6iss4pp53-71778Keywords:
Adherence, Dietary Prescription, Botswana, Hemodialysis, Chronic Kidney DiseaseAbstract
The number of chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients in Botswana has been increasing in recent years. Diet is considered a major intervention approach for improving CKD outcomes. Despite this, low dietary adherence remains a significant concern, necessitating investigation into the factors that influence it. This research study investigated the healthcare system-related factors influencing dietary prescription adherence among CKD patients undergoing hemodialysis at a selected private dialysis center in Francistown, Botswana. The study employed a descriptive cross-sectional design and used a census approach with 94 participants. Data were collected using a modified validated end-stage renal disease adherence questionnaire (ESRD-AQ). The data were analyzed using SPSS version 26.0, descriptive statistics, and chi-square tests to assess for associations between categorical variables. The study found that the adherence to dietary prescriptions was low at 48.9%. Healthcare-system related factors proved to be influential, with frequency of receiving dietary counselling (χ² = 13.23, p = 0.006), having received any educational material (pamphlets, posters) on diet for dialysis patients (χ² = 5.16, p = 0.023), the perceived support from healthcare providers (χ² = 8.20, p = 0.017) and the affordability of the recommended diet (χ² = 18.13, p =< 0.001) significantly linked to dietary adherence. The insights from this research are pertinent to implementing targeted interventions that address healthcare system gaps to improve dietary prescription adherence among CKD patients receiving hemodialysis.
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