A Theological Assessment of the Influence of Youths’ Perceptions of Work on Their Lives in Machakos County, Kenya

Abstract

Work plays a central role in human wellbeing, identity, and social integration; however, youth unemployment remains a persistent global and local challenge with far-reaching consequences. This study provides a theological assessment of how youths’ perceptions of work influence their lives in Machakos County, Kenya. Grounded in the understanding that work is both a human responsibility and a divine calling, the study used a qualitative design and the Pastoral Circle approach. The study collected data through focus group discussions and semi-structured interviews with unemployed youth aged 18–34 years. The findings reveal that unemployment has profound physical, social, economic, and psychological effects, including stress, poor health, social exclusion, dependency, and diminished self-esteem. Despite these challenges, youths demonstrate resilience through hope anchored in faith, perceiving God as a provider and sustainer during periods of uncertainty. The study further establishes that prevailing perceptions of work, largely limited to paid employment, constrain youths’ agency and contribute to negative life outcomes. Theologically, work is understood as a cooperative engagement between humans and God, extending beyond formal employment to include all meaningful and productive activities. The study concludes that addressing youth unemployment requires a holistic approach that integrates spiritual, social, and economic dimensions. It recommends that the church, policymakers, and development actors promote a broader theological understanding of work and implement participatory, youth-centered interventions that foster dignity, purpose, and sustainable livelihoods.