The Impact of Fellowship of Christian Unions (FOCUS) Program on Students' Spiritual Formation: A Case of Selected Universities in Kenya

Abstract

This study examined students’ perceptions of the impact of the Christian Union (CU) discipleship program on their spiritual formation in Kenyan universities. The purpose was to explore the extent of this impact and to identify specific activities that contribute to students’ spiritual development.  A qualitative phenomenological design was employed, involving final-year students actively participating in CU programs. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and were analyzed thematically through coding and categorization, ensuring credibility and ethical compliance. Findings revealed that students perceive the CU discipleship program as highly transformative, fostering spiritual growth, character development, a sense of belonging, and leadership skills. Key practices such as prayer, Bible study, mentorship, fellowship, and service were identified as central to cultivating sustainable spiritual disciplines. These practices were categorized into inward, outward, and corporate disciplines, all of which contribute to long-term spiritual growth and influence beyond campus. The study concludes that CU discipleship programs play a critical role in holistic student formation and in preparing graduates as spiritually grounded and socially responsible leaders. The study recommends that FOCUS expand student engagement by increasing recruitment and offering more accessible programs, strengthening mentorship and peer-discipleship structures, and prioritizing the building of strong, supportive Christian communities. Additionally, stakeholders should enhance support for CU initiatives to sustain their long-term impact.