BORANA CULTURE'S CONCEPT OF ATONEMENT AND HOW IT AFFECTS CHRISTIAN THEOLOGY AND SPREADING THE GOSPEL

Abstract

The paper addresses the challenge of religious inconsistency within the Borana community, where professed Christian faith does not align with actual religious practice, resulting in diminished commitment to churches. Borana people have turned to alternative religions like Islam or returned to their traditional Borana beliefs seeking spiritual fulfillment. To address this issue, the study proposes the adoption of a contextual theology of ritual and its interpretations as a suitable approach. Through internalizing Christianity via contextual theology, the faith can be fully lived, effectively addressing the religious concerns of the Borana people. The paper looks into exploring atonement among the Borana and its biblical foundations. Given the relational nature of atonement, its interpretation should be rooted in relationships while maintaining a strong biblical foundation. A contextual theological perspective is necessary to resonate with the Borana's religio-cultural understanding of atonement. It is imperative for missionaries, as primary evangelizers, to comprehend the various aspects of Borana culture and the significance of concepts like atonement that shape their beliefs. Understanding the functions and values associated with these concepts enables missionaries to offer valuable guidance to Borana converts. The research adopts a cultural perspective on atonement and utilizes Neiburh Richard's reflections on the relationship between Jesus and culture as a theoretical framework, employing a Christological approach rooted in anthropological research, specifically ethnography. Drawing upon ethnographic research and primary sources, the article examines the rituals, symbolic meanings, and social dynamics surrounding atonement in Borana culture. Through a comprehensive analysis of historical context, religious beliefs, and community practices, this study aims to shed light on the profound significance of atonement within the Borana society. The study's ultimate objective is to contextualize the biblical understanding of atonement within the Borana religio-cultural context, facilitating the internalization of the Christian faith. Major findings highlight the significant role of atonement rituals in Borana culture, involving the sacrificial shedding of animal blood. The study also identifies specific individuals designated to lead these rituals. It suggests that when these rituals adhere to prescribed procedures, positive relationships are assumed to exist among individuals and with their God. The findings of this research contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of atonement in promoting social cohesion, resolving conflicts, and maintaining cultural harmony within Borana communities.