Reimagining Theological Anthropology: Ubuntu Philosophy, Election Violence, and the Quest for Peace and Justice in Kenya

Abstract

In recent years, the intersection of theology, anthropology, and socio-political realities has garnered increased attention, particularly in Africa. This study engages with this conversation by examining human nature within the Kenyan context through Ubuntu, a philosophical tradition emphasizing communal interconnectedness, dignity, and justice. Focusing on the challenge of election-related violence in Kenya, the research explores the potential of Ubuntu-inspired theological anthropology to provide insights into addressing socio-political issues. By analyzing the historical, cultural, and socio-political dynamics of Kenya, particularly the roots and impacts of electoral violence, the study demonstrates how Ubuntu philosophy can inform theological reflections on human nature and contribute to peacebuilding efforts. Ubuntu, a Southern African concept, underscores the interconnectedness of humanity, encapsulated in the belief that "I am because we are." This perspective enriches theological reflection, offering a holistic understanding of human nature concerning the divine. Incorporating insights from African Christian theology, particularly inculturation theology, the study examines how cultural and historical factors contribute to conflict and explores indigenous approaches to peacebuilding and reconciliation. Addressing the root causes of electoral violence in Kenya, including selfish political interests, ethnic divisions, and land disputes, requires strategies promoting accountable governance, national unity, and equitable resource distribution. Ubuntu philosophy advocates for values of interconnectedness, justice, and ethical leadership, urging a theological perspective that reflects the communal nature of the Triune God and emphasizes living in harmony within a community. Integrating Ubuntu into Kenyan socio-political discourse calls for collective efforts to transcend ethnic differences, foster unity, and prioritize dialogue and reconciliation. This study highlights the significance of Ubuntu-informed theological anthropology in global discourse, advocating for a more inclusive and empathetic understanding of humanity that aligns with the principles of interconnectedness and communal well-being.